Ƙa'idar Dumama ta Mai girki Induction
Ana amfani da injin induction don dumama abinci bisa ka'idar shigar da lantarki. Fuskar tanderun na'urar girkin induction farantin yumbu ne mai jure zafi. Madadin halin yanzu yana haifar da filin maganadisu ta cikin nada ƙarƙashin farantin yumbu. Lokacin da layukan maganadisu da ke cikin filin maganadisu ya ratsa kasan tukunyar ƙarfe, tukunyar bakin karfe, da sauransu, za a haifar da magudanar ruwa, wanda zai yi saurin zafi ƙasan tukunyar, ta yadda za a cimma manufar dumama abinci.
Tsarin aikinsa shine kamar haka: Ana canza wutar lantarki AC zuwa DC ta hanyar gyarawa, sannan wutar lantarki ta DC ta canza zuwa babban ƙarfin AC mai ƙarfi wanda ya zarce mitar sauti ta na'urar musayar wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi. Ana ƙara ƙarfin ƙarfin AC mai ƙarfi a cikin lebur mai faffadan karkace induction dumama na'ura don samar da babban filin mu'amala mai ƙarfi. Layin maganadisu na ƙarfi yana ratsa farantin yumbu na murhu kuma yana aiki akan tukunyar ƙarfe. Ana haifar da igiyoyi masu ƙarfi a cikin tukunyar dafa abinci saboda shigar da wutar lantarki. Ƙunƙarar ƙura tana shawo kan juriya na ciki na tukunya don kammala canza wutar lantarki zuwa makamashi mai zafi lokacin da yake gudana, kuma zafin Joule da aka haifar shine tushen zafi don dafa abinci.
Binciken Da'ira na Ƙa'idar Aiki Mai girki Induction
1. Babban kewaye
A cikin adadi, gada mai daidaitawa BI tana canza mitar wutar lantarki (50HZ) zuwa wutar lantarki ta DC. L1 shake ne kuma L2 shine na'urar lantarki. IGBT yana motsa shi ta hanyar bugun jini na rectangular daga da'irar sarrafawa. Lokacin da aka kunna IGBT, halin yanzu yana gudana ta L2 yana ƙaruwa da sauri. Lokacin da aka yanke IGBT, L2 da C21 za su sami jerin sauti, kuma C-pole na IGBT zai haifar da bugun jini mai ƙarfi zuwa ƙasa. Lokacin da bugun bugun jini ya faɗi zuwa sifili, ana ƙara bugun bugun bugun zuwa IGBT kuma don sanya shi gudana. Tsarin da ke sama yana zagaye da zagaye, kuma a ƙarshe an samar da babban mitar electromagnetic wave na kusan 25KHZ, wanda ya sa tukunyar ƙarfe ta ƙasa da aka sanya akan farantin yumbu ya haifar da wutar lantarki da sanya tukunyar tayi zafi. Mitar resonance jerin yana ɗaukar sigogi na L2 da C21. C5 shine capacitor tace wutar lantarki. CNR1 shine varistor (mai ɗaukar nauyi). Lokacin da wutar lantarki ta AC ta tashi ba zato ba tsammani saboda wasu dalilai, zai zama gajeriyar kewayawa nan take, wanda zai hanzarta busa fis don kare kewaye.
2. Ƙwararren wutar lantarki
Matsakaicin wutar lantarki yana ba da da'irori masu daidaita ƙarfin lantarki guda biyu: + 5V da + 18V. Ana amfani da + 18V bayan gyaran gada don kewayawa na IGBT, ana kwatanta IC LM339 da da'irar fan drive synchronously, kuma + 5V bayan ƙarfin lantarki da ƙarfin lantarki ta uku tashoshi ƙarfin lantarki stabilizing kewaye ana amfani dashi don babban iko MCU.
3. Mai sanyaya zuciya
Lokacin da aka kunna wuta, babban mai sarrafa IC yana aika siginar fan drive (FAN) don ci gaba da jujjuya fan ɗin, shaka iskan sanyi na waje a cikin na'urar, sannan kuma fitar da iska mai zafi daga gefen baya na injin. don cimma manufar zubar da zafi a cikin injin, don kauce wa lalacewa da gazawar sassa saboda yanayin aiki mai zafi. Lokacin da fan ya tsaya ko zafi ya lalace, ana liƙa mitar IGBT tare da thermistor don watsa siginar zafin jiki zuwa CPU, dakatar da dumama, da samun kariya. A lokacin da aka kunna wuta, CPU za ta aika da siginar gano fan, sannan CPU za ta aika da siginar tuƙin fan don sa na'urar ta yi aiki a lokacin da na'urar ke aiki akai-akai.
4. Kula da zafin jiki na yau da kullun da kewayen kariya mai zafi
Babban aikin wannan da'irar shine canza yanayin yanayin ƙarfin ƙarfin juriya na juriya bisa ga yanayin zafin da thermistor (RT1) ke gani a ƙarƙashin farantin yumbu da thermistor (ƙananan zafin jiki mara kyau) akan IGBT, kuma aika shi zuwa babban. sarrafa IC (CPU). CPU yana yin sigina mai gudana ko tsayawa ta hanyar kwatanta ƙimar da aka saita bayan juyawa A/D.
5. Babban ayyuka na babban iko IC (CPU)
Babban ayyuka na 18 pin master IC sune kamar haka:
(1) Ikon ON/KASHE mai sauyawa
(2) Ƙarfin zafi / kula da zafin jiki na yau da kullun
(3) Sarrafa ayyuka na atomatik daban-daban
(4) Babu gano kaya da kashewa ta atomatik
(5) Gano shigar da aikin maɓalli
(6) Kariyar haɓakar zafin jiki mai girma a cikin injin
(7) Duban tukunya
(8) Sanarwa mai zafi sama da tanderu
(9) Kula da fanko mai sanyaya
(10) Gudanar da nunin panel daban-daban
6. Load da'irar ganowa na yanzu
A cikin wannan da'irar, T2 (transformer) an haɗa shi a jere zuwa layin da ke gaban DB (gadar gyara gada), don haka wutar lantarki ta AC a gefen T2 na biyu na iya nuna canjin shigarwar halin yanzu. Sannan ana juyar da wannan wutar lantarki ta AC zuwa wutar lantarki ta DC ta hanyar D13, D14, D15 da D5 cikakkar gyaran igiyar ruwa, kuma ana tura wutar kai tsaye zuwa CPU don jujjuya AD bayan rarraba wutar lantarki. CPU yana yin hukunci girman girman halin yanzu bisa ga ƙimar AD da aka canza, tana ƙididdige ƙarfin ta hanyar software kuma tana sarrafa girman fitarwa na PWM don sarrafa iko da gano nauyin.
7. Zauren tuƙi
Da'irar tana haɓaka fitowar siginar bugun jini daga da'irar daidaita girman bugun jini zuwa ƙarfin sigina wanda ya isa ya fitar da IGBT don buɗewa da rufewa. Faɗin shigarwar bugun bugun jini, mafi tsayi lokacin buɗe IGBT. Mafi girman ƙarfin fitarwa na na'ura mai dafa abinci, mafi girman ƙarfin wuta.
8. Madaidaicin oscillation madauki
Da'irar oscillating (sawtooth wave janareta) wanda ya ƙunshi madauki na gano madaidaicin wanda ya ƙunshi R27, R18, R4, R11, R9, R12, R13, C10, C7, C11 da LM339, wanda mitar oscillating ɗin ke aiki tare da mitar aiki na mai dafa abinci a ƙarƙashinsa. Modulation PWM, yana fitar da bugun jini na aiki tare ta hanyar fil 14 na 339 don fitar da aiki don kwanciyar hankali.
9. Da'irar kariyar haɓaka
Da'irar kariyar ƙura da ta ƙunshi R1, R6, R14, R10, C29, C25 da C17. Lokacin da hawan ya yi yawa, fil 339 2 yana fitar da ƙananan matakin, a gefe guda, yana sanar da MUC don dakatar da wutar lantarki, a gefe guda, yana kashe siginar K ta hanyar D10 don kashe wutar lantarki.
10. Da'irar gano wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi
Ana amfani da da'irar gano wutar lantarki da ta ƙunshi D1, D2, R2, R7, da DB don gano ko ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana cikin kewayon 150V ~ 270V bayan CPU kai tsaye ya canza canjin bugun bugun jini AD.
11. Instantaneous high ƙarfin lantarki iko
R12, R13, R19 da LM339 an haɗa su. Lokacin da wutar lantarki ta baya ta zama al'ada, wannan kewaye ba za ta yi aiki ba. Lokacin da babban ƙarfin lantarki nan take ya wuce 1100V, fil 339 1 zai fitar da ƙananan yuwuwar, ja ƙasa PWM, rage ƙarfin fitarwa, sarrafa wutar lantarki ta baya, kare IGBT, da hana rushewar wutar lantarki.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-20-2022
